Category: Blog

Employee Retention Credit: Are You Missing Out?Employee Retention Credit: Are You Missing Out?

Employee retention credit is a refundable quarterly income tax credit that was created to encourage businesses, in response to the COVD-19 pandemic, to keep employees on the payroll. This credit is equal to 50% to 70% of the employee’s pay, depending on the year and up to $10,000 per month. COVID-19 related government orders have caused business operations to be temporarily or fully suspended for the entire quarter. OR, you experienced a decrease of gross receipts during the quarter as compared with 2019.

All employees from companies with 100 or fewer employees who are employed full-time count toward eligibility, regardless if they provide service during the designated period. Only full-time employees of companies with more than 100 workers are eligible to be paid. home.treasury.gov ERC tax credit PDF However, they cannot provide service dues to shutdowns or reductions in gross receipts. In March 2020, Congress created the Employee Retention Tax Credit as a way to provide small businesses with financial relief during the pandemic.

What is the Employee Retention Credit (ERC)

 

  • A current payroll tax return is required to claim the credit (Form 942-X).
  • To qualify, the government orders must have a significant impact on your business. But this is based on facts, not on definitions.
  • Credit is available to corporations as also to pass-through entities, such LLCs and S corporations, partnerships, sole proprietors, and partnerships.
  • This law allowed the credit to be applied to all qualified wages, not just those that are not providing services, for certain hardest-hit employers — financially distressed employers who were severely affected by the recession.
  • The IRS examples do not address nonpayroll expenses that were not included in the PPP application, but are retained in the borrower’s files according to the SBA’s instructions.

To claim the ERC tax credit, businesses must first file for it with the IRS. Businesses will need to provide basic information about their company and employees, as well as documentation showing that they have been impacted by the pandemic. If your business operations were impacted by COVID-19, you may be eligible for the Employee Retention Tax Credit. For qualified wages that were paid in 2020, the deadline in order to claim the ERTC, is April 15,2024. The deadline in 2021 for qualified wages that were paid in 2021 is April 15,2025. Employers with 500 or more full-time equivalent employees in 2019 are eligible for the credit, but only for wages paid to employees who are not performing services for them.

Tax Credit In 2022?

Qualified wages in the ERC are the group health plan expenses, including employer contributions and pretax employee contribution. These expenses can be used to pay for wages that are otherwise eligible. It is dependent on whether you are a large employer or a small one that the determination of which wages qualify as qualified wages is made. The CARES Act provides an incentive for employers to keep employees on their books and minimizes the possibility of employees being unemployed. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, which was passed in December 2020, and the American Rescue Plan Act, which was passed March 2021, made several changes to the tax credits that eased eligibility requirements and extended this program.

employee retention tax credit

What is the Employee Retention Credit and how does it work?

The coronavirus pandemic caused disruptions in business operations that began after February 15, 2020. This includes businesses whose operations are affected by the pandemic or have been temporarily suspended or rendered inoperable due to government orders.

employee retention credit

The credit is 50% of qualified wages, with a maximum limit of $10,000 It covers payments made between March 13,2020 and December 31, 2020. If a company had a little more than 100 employees on average during 2019, the criteria of acceptable pay changes. Federal Unemployment Tax Act (or the Federal Unemployment Tax Act) imposes a tax on payrolls of businesses with employees. Revenue collected goes to funding unemployment benefits. Many employers are unaware that employers can take advantage of both the Paycheck Protection Program loan and the ERC.

Employee Retention Credit Guidance And Resources

 

The CARES Act was revised by the Consolidated Appropriations Act to allow all qualified enterprises to claim the ERTC, even if they had previously received a PPP loan. Employers who have been You might be eligible for the credit by lowering your employment tax payments.

Who is Eligible for the Employee Retention Credit (ERC)

 

The credit equals 50 percent of the qualified wages that an Eligible Employer pays in a calendar quarter. Respective employers are allowed to take into account the maximum amount of qualified wages. Each employee receives $10,000 for all calendar quarters. This means that the maximum credit for qualified wage payments to an employee is $5,000 An employer may use any method necessary to determine how many hours an employee doesn’t work. For more guidance about reasonable methods, refer to IRS FAQ 54 (hourly and nonexempt salaried) and IRS FAQ55 (salaried employees).

If you were selfemployed, you are not eligible at the 2020 ERTC if you earn your own wages. However, if you only had one employee, you may be eligible for the ERTC on wages that were paid to that employee. A maximum credit of $7,000 per eligible worker, per quarter, is available for 2021.

How long do you need to file for the Ertc

Additional requirements include being a private sector tax-exempt or tax-exempt entity that experienced a partial shut down or complete shutdown due to COVID-19.

Our Personal Tax Guide highlights tax planning ideas that may help you minimize your tax liability. This guide can be used to help you identify potential issues that could impact your tax situation and then to discuss them with your tax advisor. Paychex can help with HR, payroll and benefits. We are the industry leader in this all-in one solution.

When Does Employee Retention Credit End

Employers whose operation was halted or partially stopped by COVID-19 directives. Or whose gross income for any given quarter in 2020 was less than half of that for the same period in 2019. Employee Retention tax credits are available to restaurants that have experienced a partial shutdown in the preceding year, as defined by indoor eating restrictions. The government allows billions of dollars in economic stimulation through the Employee Retention Tax Credit program. However, hundreds of millions of business owners will not claim most of this money. If you are a startup business, the IRS allows your gross revenues from the first quarter of your business to be used as a reference point for any subsequent quarters for which authorities don’t have 2019 numbers.

To determine your credit for each quarter of 2021, multiply the qualified wages up until the quarterly cap by 70% In 2020, businesses with 100 or fewer full-time employees may include qualified wages for all employees when calculating the credit. If a business had more than 100 employees in 2019, they can only include qualified wages paid to an employee during a period where that employee was not providing services to the business but was still receiving qualified wages. Qualified earnings do not include wages that are included in the payroll tax credit to pay for paid sick or family leave as specified in Division D of H.R.

You might have some problems keeping your top talent in the office if you plan to bring them back. This is especially true in these times, when many companies offer remote opportunities or hybrid opportunities with high salaries. All employees are eligible for the Employee Retention Tax credit, regardless of company type or size.

Is The Employee Retention Credits Taxable Income?

Register for a Free Consultation about Employee Retention Credits to Find Out if Your Company Qualifies for This Tax Credit. Instead, the firm must minimize their pay calculations on their income tax return for the tax year in which they are an ERC-eligible employer. As stated previously, taxpayers should pay careful attention to information on line 18. Form 941-X is for business share. Particularly the guidelines on how to convert positive numbers in column 3 to negative numbers in column 4. To cover overpaid salaries, you can request an advance of federal employment taxes if your federal taxes don’t add up. For future R&D Credit calculations, wage costs that meet the criteria of both R&D Credit-eligible or ERC Eligible Wound Qualified Research expenses must be included as QREs in base year estimates.

Do You Have To Apply To Everyone?

Outsourcing payroll and HR tasks allows you to focus on the most important things. Small Business Trends has been awarded an online publication for small business owners, entrepreneurs, and all those who interact. Our mission is to bring small business success… delivered daily. Get started with free payroll setup. Expert support is available. The IRS website has more information about the Employee Retention Credit for Employers.

 

A List of NeurotransmittersA List of Neurotransmitters

Whether you are looking for a list of neurotransmitters to help with a study or you are just interested in learning more about the chemical that makes up the brain, there are a few different options. Some of them are Dopamine, Noradrenaline and GABA. All of these substances are important for the functioning of the brain and they are responsible for producing different types of feelings and sensations.

Glutamate

Glutamate is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. In the brain, it is important for memory formation, learning, and for the chemical messages carried by nerve cells.

The brain is home to several neurotransmitters, each serving a different purpose. Some of these are dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine. These messengers have different receptors on the surface of nerve cells. When a neurotransmitter binds to these receptors, it opens up a variety of channels for the passage of positively charged ions into the cell. Depending on the nerve cell, the intensity of stimulation can vary.

Glutamate also plays a major role in the synthesis of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). This “calming” neurotransmitter is present in the brain, and it is thought to be responsible for calming the nervous system. It is also known for its ability to inhibit excitatory function.

There are a number of different pathways by which glutamate is produced. It is mainly derived from glutamine, which is obtained from astrocytes. However, glutamine is metabolized through a process called the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This cycle is one of the mechanisms used to transport cystine, which is used for the synthesis of glutathione.

Glutamate is found in meats, cheese, fish, mushrooms, and vegetables. It is a precursor to gamma aminobutyric acid, and it is a good source of energy when glucose levels are low. It is also used in protein synthesis.

GABA

During brain development, GABA plays a key role in laying down important neural circuits. It is also involved in neuroplasticity across the cortex, allowing neurons to respond to new information. Studies have shown that GABA levels are linked to success in learning. It helps keep the overall level of neural activity in the brain in check. Excessive GABA levels can lead to seizures and other problems.

Other neurotransmitters include acetylcholine, dopamine and serotonin. Each neurotransmitter serves a different function. For instance, acetylcholine is a direct action neurotransmitter that helps translate intentions into movement. Dopamine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that is involved in working memory and motivation. Likewise, serotonin is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays a role in emotions.

These compounds are packaged in vesicles that fuse with the presynaptic membrane. These vesicles are often elliptical in shape. They are then released Ca2+-dependent. The effects of these neurotransmitters are short-lived.

Classical neurotransmitters are classified into two main groups: small molecule neurotransmitters and amino acid neurotransmitters. Each group has specific receptor classifications. These receptors can have either agonist or antagonist properties.

Benzodiazepines are used to reduce unwanted brain excitability. They are used to relieve stress and insomnia, and are believed to improve GABA signaling in the brain. In addition, they are also thought to be helpful for people who have low GABA levels in their brain.

Dopamine is a major neurotransmitter that is responsible for reward processing, attention, motivation, and learning. It is one of the most studied neurochemicals. Dopamine deficiency is linked to Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia.

Noradrenaline

Several important psychiatric drugs are believed to exert strong effects on the noradrenaline systems of the brain. Noradrenaline is a neurotransmitter that plays a significant role in the human brain’s ability to respond to threats. It acts through two main receptor families, alpha and beta.

Noradrenaline is one of the major neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system, which helps the body prepare for a fight-or-flight response. This involves the brain preparing to deal with a sudden and acute threat. It is also involved in stimulating various organs to function as part of the body’s emergency response.

Noradrenaline is found in the bloodstream, lungs, and skeletal muscles. It is released into the bloodstream by nerve fibres of the sympathetic nervous system. It stimulates the central nervous system and increases the force of skeletal muscle contraction. It is also stored in the adrenal gland. It is used as medication and is often combined with other medicines.

Other neurotransmitters include serotonin and dopamine. These neurotransmitters are responsible for helping the brain to function more smoothly and have diverse functions. They affect memory, mood, and reward. They also regulate vasodilation and the general excitability of the central nervous system.

The neurotransmitter GABA is known as a “learning” neurotransmitter because it helps lay down and maintain certain important circuits of the brain during development. It is also an inhibitory neurotransmitter. This makes GABA a very important neurotransmitter.

Norepinephrine

Among the neurotransmitters, norepinephrine is one of the most common. It is found in almost all animals and plants. It is a sympathomimetic and is released from sympathetic nerve cells. It is used as a vasopressor and also as a medication.

In addition to its role as a neurotransmitter, norepinephrine is also responsible for regulating the sleep-wake cycle and memory. It also increases the force of skeletal muscle contraction. It inhibits the voiding of the bladder and helps maintain blood pressure in times of stress. It is also known to affect mood. Some people believe that low levels of norepinephrine may be associated with depression.

In the body, norepinephrine is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine. It then enters the bloodstream and releases its effects through adrenergic receptors. These receptors are usually found on target cells, though alpha-2 receptors are frequently located on norepinephrine-releasing neurons. When these receptors are blocked, some of the norepinephrine effects are reduced.

Norepinephrine is also used as a sympathomimetic agent. When it is present in higher concentrations, it stimulates the release of acetylcholine. This is important for normal functioning of muscles. When acetylcholine is reduced, it can cause a condition called neurogenic shock. This is a life-threatening condition.

Norepinephrine also plays an important role in the “fight or flight” response. When the body is in danger, it releases a large amount of norepinephrine. This action elicits characteristic body-wide changes, including the release of other hormones.

Dopamine

Among the many neurotransmitters that have been identified, dopamine is the most important and has a variety of roles in human behavior. Dopamine plays a significant role in reward learning, as well as motivation, emotion, and addiction. The substance is also involved in the regulation of sleep and mood.

Dopamine is released from synaptic clefts within neurons. Several types of receptors exist on dopamine neurons. These receptors are divided into two families, based on the signaling mechanism. The D1 family increases the activity of cAMP in the target cell, while the D2 family decreases the activity of cAMP.

Both types of receptors are found in the brain, but they function in slightly different ways. The most important difference is that the D2 family does not increase the amount of epinephrine released into the bloodstream. It instead helps to reduce the excitability of the target cell.

Dopamine is produced by neurons in the ventral tegmental area. These neurons project into the prefrontal cortex and the nucleus accumbens. Depending on the location of the dopamine neuron, it may exert a direct influence on the brain’s reward system or its ability to coordinate body movements.

Dopamine is released into the bloodstream when the receptors bind to the substance. It is then transported back to the axon terminal, where it acts to regulate neurotransmitter release. It is the main factor regulating the ‘pleasure’ feelings that arise during positive reward experiences. Dopamine deficiency can lead to depression. Those with Parkinson’s disease often suffer from uncontrollable muscle tremors due to a lack of dopamine.

Serotonin

Often called a “calming chemical,” serotonin is a major neurotransmitter in the brain. It controls a variety of functions in the body. It helps regulate emotions, appetite, and sleep. It also plays a role in memory and learning. It is important in regulating anxiety, mood, and the perception of pain. It also has an inhibitory effect on the nervous system.

Another important neurotransmitter is adrenaline, a hormone that stimulates the central nervous system. It is released into the blood stream via the adrenal glands. It is most effective during stressful times. It is used to prepare the body for a fight or flight response. It is also responsible for promoting a sense of excitement.

Another type of neurotransmitter is acetylcholine, which is released by motor neurons and postganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system. Its effects include directing attention and muscle contraction. It also translates signals into the muscle fibers. It is involved in learning, memory, and learning to process rewards. Its shortage can cause tremors in people with Parkinson’s disease.

Other important neurotransmitters include glutamate and dopamine. They are involved in learning, reward processing, and motor control. They are the most common neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Deficiency of these chemicals can lead to psychosis, depression, and insomnia.

Other important neurotransmitters are histamine, which is responsible for regulating the flow of blood and pain. It is also important for wakefulness.

HELOC Mortgage LoansHELOC Mortgage Loans

Home Equity Lines of Credit Are for Good Credit

Not have good credit can increase the difficulty that a homeowner encounters when seeking a home equity line of credit. Not having good credit can be the reason for a poor credit score. What is a credit score? 

The credit score varies between the values of 300 and 850. The credit score is the creation of the Fair Isaac Corporation. Lenders who arrange for a home equity line of credit use the credit score in order to set the interest rate that will be charged the homeowner. Homeowners with a low credit score will need to pay higher interest payments.

A score above 700 is assurance of good interest rates. The credit score also serves as an indicator of whether or not a lender should accept a homeowner’s application for credit. Decisions on credit limits for the homeowner are likewise based on the homeowner’s credit score.  The credit score is a function of the homeowner’s past line of credit. In the U.S., three different agencies keep a record of each consumer’s line of credit. Those agencies are Experian, TransUnion and Equifax. If a homeowner with a low credit score wants to raise that score, then the homeowner must contact each of those three agencies.  Learn more about mortgage rates in Orlando by visiting Loan Trust.

The effort to overcome a record of bad credit and to raise a credit score requires the contesting of false claims that money is owed. If the homeowner can prove that the claim for money is spurious then the homeowner has an opportunity to raise his credit score. This action should be taken if the homeowner who plans to seek a home equity line of credit has a score less than 640. Such a score would be a sign of bad credit.  The contesting of a credit score is not like a shot in the dark. A survey of credit reports in the U.S. showed that 80% of such reports contained mistakes. Thus, a homeowner could have good reason to question the credit score that is being used to determine the interest rate on a home equity line of credit. The credit score for a couple, a pair that are joint homeowners, is based on three credit scores from the person with the most sizable income. This is the score that the homeowner needs to make correct.

Such correction may require a written statement to each of the above-mentioned agencies. Those agencies will then contact the homeowner and indicate if more information is necessary. If the homeowner is lucky, then the credit score will be increased and the interest rate for the desired home equity line of credit will be lowered.  Once the homeowner has a good credit score then he will want to avoid slipping back into that region of bad credit. This means that the homeowners must avoid the sort of spending that carries them to the borders of their credit limits.  To find out more information about current mortgage rates visit Loan Trust Home Loans.

Roof Slate TilesRoof Slate Tiles

Slate Roof Tiles 

Mighty Dog Roofing provides the the best choice for roofer slate roof tiles located at Plano Texas. 

Plano, TX Slate Roof Tiles

Slate Roof Tiles – Elegant, Classic Roofing 

Roof tiles made of slate are not new or modern. Slate roofing tiles have a long history that dates back to many hundreds of years. Of all roof tiles types, slate tiles have survived best the ravages of time. Even to this day, they survive as a prized variety of roofing material since it has a high quality, is very durable and long-lasting, and looks spectacular even in older buildings.

Like any other roofing material, roof covering tiles have their own downside. Slate based tiles are heavy and installing them on a roof can be hard work. Roof tiles must be handled carefully to avoid breakage. Especially when those tiles are made from natural materials like slate, the cost can be exorbitantly high, making it ever more important to handle materials carefully.

There are several benefits to using slate roof tiles for buildings.

1. It is Natural

Of all roof tiles types, slate tiles are natural stone. The tiles are crafted out of sedimentary rock, with every set of tiles having its own unique texture and design. That adds to the appeal of tile roofs, but can make replacement or repairs a tricky affair, since it is difficult to match the older tiles with new ones which may be carved from a different block of slate.

2. It is Long Lasting

Tile roofs typically last for many decades. Some churches in the United States and Europe have tile roofs that have lasted for longer than 100 years. It is common to see buildings where the roofs outlive the rest of the infrastructure. However, in order to get the highest value out of these roofing materials, it is mandatory that the installation be done correctly. When you find a skilled craftsman who can install your tile roof, you can relax and enjoy your durable new roof while others who employ alternative materials find themselves having to change their roof (or repair it) every 20 years or so.

3. It is Attractive and Appealing

When it comes to beauty and elegance, there are few roofing materials to rival roofing slate tiles. No other material, or even other roof tiles types, come close to the peerless look and appeal of slate based tiles. It may appear, at first glance, that a natural material should be limited in the range of looks it can provide. But nature is indeed magical, and you can find slate tiles roofing material in a wide range of tints and patterns, thickness and colors. Roof tiles types come in grey and green, purple and black, and even a distinctive shade of red.

4. It is Fire Resistant

Roof tile material made of slate are resistant to fire. It is just as if you have layered slabs of stone on your roof, so tile roofs are the most fire-resistant option of all kinds of roofing materials. This makes slate tiles an ideal option for homes built in areas with risk of forest fires and can guard against accidental sparks in the kitchen.

5. It is Environment Friendly

Lasting for decades, slate tile roofs won’t be a concern for landfill overflows in a city. Asphalt roofing as well as other kinds will need an overhaul every 30 years or so. The old roof that is torn down will be returned to a landfill, stressing the environment in a way that’s hard to imagine. City planners are always concerned about this impact, and must constantly seek places to accommodate the growing demand for landfill area. In this sense, slate roof tiles have a very low adverse impact on the environment.

Top Of The Range – Dependable, Upmarket And Tough Slate Roofing Tile 

Slate roofing has been used for a long time and with an excellent reason. It’s a highly reliable construction material, easy to work and extremely tough. It’s well-known for its durability as a roofing material. Roofs made of slate are said to last longer than houses. It is the best choice for those who desire beautiful design and attractive roofing.

Slate roofing design options

Slate roofs are in a class in their own. These are truly durable, reliable materials, preferred by architects, builders and designers too. The best quality in roofing slate is Welsh Penrhyn, a type of slate that has been mined continuously for more than 300 years. Its current recorded product life is 200 years. Modern Canadian and

Spanish slates come with a 75-year guarantee. This is the longest amount of time stone can last.

As a design element slate roofs are typically utilized for their durability for all kinds of conditions. Slate’s qualities are a good basis for evaluating its popularity as a roofing material.

  • High density stone
  • Salt isn’t affecting
  • Fireproof
  • Heat and pollution resistant
  • Slate doesn’t fade
  • Natural colour with good natural look


Conventional roofing tiles look very similar to ceramics and bricks. They do not have the same density as slate, and can’t match the other attributes. Designers will discover slate to be a better alternative.

The slate roof is a genuine stone and comes with a much higher aesthetic value. It can also be employed to create complex roof designs.

No matter if you’re seeking an enormous or small slate roof, it is able to be done

Slate roofing has a history of being used for everything from cottage roofs to cathedrals. That’s a good illustration of the flexibility and flexibility of slate roofing for any roofing task.Slate roofing rarely if ever requires replacement and is actually considered a value adding material when it comes to the value of your home. There’s a reason behind that. The traditional roofing system can be costly, and replacement can result in cost as time passes. The slate roof can provide real dollar value to homeowners. Numerous roofing companies don’t offer slate roofing. This is particularly true in the US where slate roofing is extremely sought-after and is able to withstand extreme temperatures and snow storms.

Getting a quote

When buying slate, you should make some calculations and planning before you buy:

  • Define the roof area from your blueprints. The size of the roof is measured in square metersIt’s enough to provide a reliable estimation.
  • For a better understanding of the prices, take an examination of the various varieties of slate roofing available.
  • Select the colour scheme you love. Slate is a subtle variation in hue based on the composition, ranging from a pale grey to blue grey.

Slate Roof Tiles Stand the Test of Time

Homeowners looking to replace their roof will have a variety of options. There are a myriad of designs and colors as well as the material itself it is advisable to conduct some thorough research prior to investing money in a new roof. Some roofing materials include composition shinglesmade of fiberglass or asphalt, steel and metal roofs, and clay and slate roof tiles. These types of roofing last from 20 to over 100 years and differ in price and benefits just as drastically.

Composite shingles are made from asphalt and fiberglass, which are a long-lasting choice for roofing. These shingles are easy to install, and can sometimes be placed on top of the roof of an existing. They are available in a variety of styles and colors, and they can be replaced if they become damaged by strong winds. Metal roofing has recently gained popularity because it can lower energy costs up to 20 20%. Additionally, it’s very easy to maintain and is available in many attractive styles and colors. These options are robust and cost-effective, with a longevity between 20 and 30 years.

Slate roof tiles are a fantastic choice for a roofing that will last at least 100 years and will give your house a unique timeless appearance. These slivers of rock that resemble shingles are available in numerous natural, rich shades, and possess an unmistakable , timeless appeal. A slate roof must be put up by a trained professional, after which it requires very little maintenance. Your slate roof won’t be susceptible to rot and insect damage. It is essential to take extra care by all who have access to your roof since these tiles are easily broken. The expense of installing an slate roof is a major concern for homeowners. Because of the weight of these tiles it is possible that some structural work will be needed prior to installing a roof. A slate roof can be more costly than traditional roofing materials, but will last five times longer.

Whatever the materials you select roofing is an investment.

What You Need To Know About Slate Roofing Tiles

Roof tiles are used on the roofs of both residential and commercial buildings. Roof tiles serve to safeguard your home from the elements like sun, hail snow, wind and wind. The tiles also protect the structural framing system from damage by keeping it dry and covered.

They can boost the insulation on your roof and help keep your home cool in hot climates dependent on the way they were installed.

Additionally tiles also give your home an elegant appearance that is appealing to a large number of people.

Tiles with different types

There are various kinds of tiles: clay, cement and slate are the most common varieties. Clay tiles are the most common kind of tiles. They are made from clay that is baked to eliminate moisture. The concrete tiles are made of cement and tend to be much cheaper than clay ones.

The slate materials are made from natural stone . They are usually preferred by many individuals due to their distinctive design and appearance.

Concrete and clay versions can be constructed in U and S shapes. But, different designs are available, which are flat or feature interlocking designs.

Benefits

The roofing materials they use are versatile and long-lasting. They also are fire-resistant and easy to repair when they’re damaged due to winds or other elements.

Another advantage is that you don’t have paint the sake of keeping their appearance which means you can save a lot of money.

Disadvantages

Althoughtiles offer these advantages, they come with a fair amount of drawbacks. One of the disadvantages is that they tend to be very heavy, consequently, buildings won’t be able to withstand their weight, unless the structures are constructed to take them.

Tiles are more expensive than other roofing materials, and they are difficult to finance in the majority of. They require specialized skills so you will need to have a professional install them.

Installation

The materials are typically set on top of roof sheathing and an air barrier. If you’re making use of flat tiles it is possible to place them directly on the roof deck; however when you’re using round clay or concrete tiles, you will require steel lathes or wooden battens for the installation.

Hire a professional to ensure that the roof installation has been completed correctly and lasts for for a long duration.


Slate and Tile Roof Repair – Do You Need an Expert Roofer to Find Leaks?

Leaking roofs can cause havoc for homeowners. There are many reasons. You may not see the issue you think it is. It is often difficult to pinpoint the cause of chimney leaks. Although there could be a clear cause however, there may be other problems. A roofing expert will find the root of the leak and repair it.

These are just some of the most common reasons for the roof to leak:


  • Flashing problems Flashing is a thin metal piece, which is used in joints and seams to block water from entering. There are a variety of flashing available, including copper, which is a common element in older homes and churches. This can lead to problems with the flashing around chimneys. In this scenario the flashing around the chimney would need to be removed and replaced with new flashings that are hand-soldered.
  • Gutters If a part of the gutter that is near the chimney isn’t draining properly, the water may find its way inside and can appear to be an issue with the chimney. Cleaning the downspouts and gutters on a regular basis and relining gutters on boxes or adjusting hanging gutters may be necessary to correct the problem. There are many different types of gutters that are made of a variety of materials. It is possible to have two or three different gutters on the same property in some older homes.
  • Leakage of roofing materials A damaged or missing slate or tile can lead to a roof leak. In the case of a tile roof an old, worn-out or damaged underlayment could be the reason for the issue. If you have an asphalt roof, the roof material itself might be at the end of its service lifespan. Another reason that roofs suffer leakage is storm damage.


You really need an experienced roofing contractor to check your roof yearly. Request them to examine your roof and gutters to ensure that they’re performing the intended function. Copper gutters and galvanized gutters are likely to rust with time. When gutters don’t drain rainwater and melting snow away correctly, it can cause water to get trapped under the roofing surface , causing invisible leaks. If the gutters are not properly draining the snow and melting rainwater, it can lead to damage to the roof.


Slate Roof Tiles FAQs

What Are the Pros and Cons of Slate Roofing?
It’s low maintenance, ages beautifully, requires few repairs, and has a unique appearance. And unlike some other roofing materials, slate is eco-friendly with no asphalt, fiberglass, or plastic components. 

Disadvantages include complications replacing a broken tile, the higher cost, and the extra care it takes to make sure it’s properly installed.

Can my home support the weight of a slate roof?
Most homes can. You may have heard about slate roofs that failed within a couple years of installation. It’s generally because the underlying structure was weak to begin with. Since slate is heavier than most roofing materials, it’s important to have a professional slate roofing contractor test the roof’s support capabilities.

How long will my slate roof last?
Slate is natural stone that is millions of years old. The S1 grade that is mined in North America is strong, dense, and durable and, as long as it isn’t sealed or painted, can last for hundreds of years on a roof. Slate roofs also do not hold up well to foot traffic which could snap, perforate, or dislodge tiles. 

Is a slate roof difficult to maintain?
Slate is naturally waterproof and non-combustible which makes it ideal for protecting your home in the event of a fire. Highly resistant to heavy rain and wind, it also is not affected by mold or fungus. All these traits add up to a practically maintenance-free roof.

Does slate only come in gray?
No, slate’s color options include green, plum, red, and black, as well as mixed color variations that naturally occur. Your slate roof will truly be one-of-a-kind! 

How much does slate roofing cost?
It depends, and costs vary broadly depending on thickness, weight, roof pitch, and ease of installation. Estimates range from $10 to $40 and more per square foot.

Do I need a specialist to install a slate roof?
A slate roof is more of an art form so it’s typically not a good DIY project. To protect your investment, it’s best to find a fully-trained professional to install slate roofing projects. 

Slate Roof Installation 

Mighty Dog Roofing provides the the best choice for roofer slate roof installers located at Plano Texas. Our Plano slate roof contractors are among the top in the area. That’ll make them one of the top roofing contractors in Plano. Since 1960, we have installed slate roofs. We understand how crucial these components are, we won’t make a mistake. We can be trusted to deliver a high-quality product and top-quality service.

Plano, TX Slate Roof Installation

Slate Roof Installation With Hip and Ridge Joints

Slate roofs are preferred by many as they are among the best types of roofs. Though the installation cost quite a bit of money, slate roofs are great in improving the general appeal of the housing. Usually, homes with this type of roof installation have higher values.

Slate roof installation involves setting the hip and ridge joints. Before slating the roof, furring strips along the hip need to be installed. The standard thickness of slates is 3/16″ to 1/4 “. For slates with this thickness, 3/4″ furring strips are recommended. Nail these furring strips to the roof using 2.5″ hot dipped galvanized common nails.

On the bottom of the furring strips, install the first piece of the copper flashing using 1.5 copper roofing nail. To hide the furring strips, fold the bottom of the flashing.

Slate roof installation follows after the copper flashing has been nailed and folded. Install the slates over the flashing by nailing them into the furring strips. 1.5 copper roofing nails can be used but certain areas need to be attached with 2.5 copper roofing nails.

Install the next piece of step flashing over the hip slates. For this, a single nail will do. After this, nail the next pair of hip slates over it with at least two nails per slate. Fold the flashing lengthwise in half with 4″ in each side. With this, the overlying slates and flashings, the 16″ hip slates are to be overlapped halfway. Meanwhile, the step flashings would be overlapping each other by 2″.

Continue the setting up in this manner, flashing over the top of each pair of hip slates. The hip slates can be installed even without cutting and they do not to be tapered as well. To finish quickly, install the slates in pairs, not one side at a time.

Slate Roofing Made Easy – Choosing The Right Tools And Materials 

If you want to install your own slate roofing, it is strongly recommended that you do some research in advance. It is essential to be prepared to be successfulMake sure you know about the various types of slate, the manufacturing methods, flashing, sheathing, nailing, and other roofing materials prior to you start.

Before installing a slate roof, you must make sure your roof is in good shape. Slate roofs should not be installed with the slope of 4:12 (4 feet of rise on 12 feet of run). If your roof is meeting these standards, then you need to think about purchasing the right equipment for cutting and the necessary materials to finish the job.

Tools

Make sure you have the correct tools for slating, and that you are using them. Your basic toolkit should comprise an a slate ripper slate cutter and a hammer. Make use of a slate cutter not a diamond saw when cutting slates. The former creates an edge that is bevelled of the slate, which is in line with the design of all other slates, whereas a diamond blade will produce the appearance of a square edge. unnatural.

Slates

There are many different slates available. Not all are equal and you want the correct slates for your roof. Take into consideration the quality of the slate, its thickness, size and kind of slate you’re considering when choosing the right one. For instance, large slates are more difficult to cut, while smaller slates are more difficult to put in place because they will have more of them.

Check whether the nails are placed exactly where they should be on the slates. The holes must be placed in a manner that you can put the nails just above the top of the underlying slate. It is not recommended to make holes that are too deep as it could harm the underlying slate.

Make sure you order the correct amount of slates. It is recommended to calculate your head lap in advance and purchase enough slates to be able to accommodate this. It is best to order slates for your starter course separately. The slates used for starter courses should have the nail holes on only the front and the top.

Materials

Slate Nails

Use good nails. Use stainless steel or aluminium nails to nail slate. Copper nails are preferred for areas with a lot of coastline, while silicon-bronze nails work best for severe conditions.

The correct length of nail is essential. When you set your nails, they should only penetrate the roof deck boards. This is crucial because too long nails can cause damage to the wood and lead to the boards to split or break the wood behind. This reduces the boards’ thickness and also the strength of the nails.

Decking materials

The decking materials beneath the slate have to last at least as long as the slates themselves, so you must select materials that can withstand the test of time. This requirement can be met with battens and wooden boards with a a thickness of 20-40mm. They could be rough-sawn designed or tongue-in-groove types. Other durable decking materials are concrete, which can be attached to a nail or Gypsum. Do not use laminated or plywood.

Underlay

Underlay isn’t necessary for slate roofs. The underlay serves as a barrier to water from when the slate tiles are laid and the flashings are applied. It also acts as a substrate for your chalk lines. single layer of 30lb felt is enough in most instances.

Material that flashes

Make sure you use a good flashing material. Copper stainless steel, sheet lead are all appropriate. The material you choose to use will be more heavy on valleys and gutters , but lighter on ridges or chimney flashings.


Slate Roofing For Your House 

Before you begin to slate roof your home on your own There are a few points to be aware of. In this article, we will discuss the numerous issues associated with slate roofing. The very first thing to verify is that your roof is sloped to a ratio that is greater than 4:12. The slope should increase by 4 feet for each 12 feet.

Roofing Tools

The standard tools for roofing slates include the slate ripper, cutter and the slate hammer. If you don’t wish to end up with slates which have a square edge, don’t use diamond saws and stick to the slate cutter that will give you a nice, smooth look.

Slate Type

Slates can be found in a variety of forms similar to other building material. Slates differ in their quality, material type and size, as well as of course, their thickness. The slate you choose will impact the way you build your roof built. You need to ensure that the slates are wide enough for the nail to go through the head of the slate. This will ensure that there is no leakage.

When you’ve selected the type of slate you’ll use to make your roof, be sure that you purchase the right amount. If you do not have enough when you go back to the building shop, you may find that the slates have been removed and you’ll have a roof which looks like patchwork. You may need to purchase additional slates in the event that some plates become damaged during the roof construction. It is possible to purchase the slates used for the initial installation on their own.

Other Materials

Slate roofing will use many nails. Use stainless steel or aluminium nails to stop them from rusting. If you live in an area where there are severe weather conditions then copper nails are the one to use. In slate roofing the length of nails is crucial. The nails should not exceed the deck of the roof. Any further will result in destruction to the wooden boards.

You will also utilize decking products. They must be the same size as the slates they are below. Avoid wooden decks and plywood constructed of laminated wood. If you’d like to, you can put in an underlay to keep water in until the slates are installed.

Slate Roof Repairs – The 100 Year Roof!

Slate RoofSlate Roof

Slate Roof Tiles 

Mighty Dog Roofing provides the the best choice for roofer slate roof tiles located at Plano Texas. 

Plano, TX Slate Roof Tiles

Slate Roof Tiles – Elegant, Classic Roofing 

Roof tiles made of slate are not new or modern. Slate roofing tiles have a long history that dates back to many hundreds of years. Of all roof tiles types, slate tiles have survived best the ravages of time. Even to this day, they survive as a prized variety of roofing material since it has a high quality, is very durable and long-lasting, and looks spectacular even in older buildings.

Like any other roofing material, roof covering tiles have their own downside. Slate based tiles are heavy and installing them on a roof can be hard work. Roof tiles must be handled carefully to avoid breakage. Especially when those tiles are made from natural materials like slate, the cost can be exorbitantly high, making it ever more important to handle materials carefully.

There are several benefits to using slate roof tiles for buildings.

1. It is Natural

Of all roof tiles types, slate tiles are natural stone. The tiles are crafted out of sedimentary rock, with every set of tiles having its own unique texture and design. That adds to the appeal of tile roofs, but can make replacement or repairs a tricky affair, since it is difficult to match the older tiles with new ones which may be carved from a different block of slate.

2. It is Long Lasting

Tile roofs typically last for many decades. Some churches in the United States and Europe have tile roofs that have lasted for longer than 100 years. It is common to see buildings where the roofs outlive the rest of the infrastructure. However, in order to get the highest value out of these roofing materials, it is mandatory that the installation be done correctly. When you find a skilled craftsman who can install your tile roof, you can relax and enjoy your durable new roof while others who employ alternative materials find themselves having to change their roof (or repair it) every 20 years or so.

3. It is Attractive and Appealing

When it comes to beauty and elegance, there are few roofing materials to rival roofing slate tiles. No other material, or even other roof tiles types, come close to the peerless look and appeal of slate based tiles. It may appear, at first glance, that a natural material should be limited in the range of looks it can provide. But nature is indeed magical, and you can find slate tiles roofing material in a wide range of tints and patterns, thickness and colors. Roof tiles types come in grey and green, purple and black, and even a distinctive shade of red.

4. It is Fire Resistant

Roof tile material made of slate are resistant to fire. It is just as if you have layered slabs of stone on your roof, so tile roofs are the most fire-resistant option of all kinds of roofing materials. This makes slate tiles an ideal option for homes built in areas with risk of forest fires and can guard against accidental sparks in the kitchen.

5. It is Environment Friendly

Lasting for decades, slate tile roofs won’t be a concern for landfill overflows in a city. Asphalt roofing as well as other kinds will need an overhaul every 30 years or so. The old roof that is torn down will be returned to a landfill, stressing the environment in a way that’s hard to imagine. City planners are always concerned about this impact, and must constantly seek places to accommodate the growing demand for landfill area. In this sense, slate roof tiles have a very low adverse impact on the environment.

Top Of The Range – Dependable, Upmarket And Tough Slate Roofing Tile 

Slate roofing has been in use for a long time, with an excellent reason. It’s a dependable building material, easy to work and extremely tough. It’s widely known for its endurance as an roofing material. Slate roofs are known to last longer than houses. This is the most straightforward alternative for those looking for beautiful design and attractive roofing.

Slate roofing design options

Slate roofs are in a class in their own. They are long-lasting and reliable , which is why they are preferred by architects, builders, and designers. The best quality for roofing slates is Welsh Penrhyn, a type of slate that has been continuously mined for more than 300 years. The life expectancy of the slate is 200 years. Modern Canadian and

Spanish slates come with a 75-year guarantee. Stone can only last this for this long.

For aesthetics slate roofs are frequently utilized for their durability for all kinds of conditions. The characteristics of slate are a great reference to its credentials for roofing materials:

  • Stone with high density
  • Salt isn’t affecting
  • Fireproof
  • Resistant to heat and pollutants
  • Slate doesn’t fade
  • Natural colour is a good choice


Traditional roofing tiles appear similar to ceramics and bricks. They’re not as high in quality of slate, and can’t match the other characteristics. For designers, slate is simply a much better choice.

The slate roof is a genuine stone and comes with more aesthetic value. Slate can also be employed to create complex roof designs.

Big or small slate roofing can do everything

It has a long history of being used for everything from cathedrals to cottage roofs. This is an excellent illustration of the versatility of slate roofing and the way it can be used in any roofing task. There’s a reason behind this. The traditional roofing system can be costly, and replacement can result in cost in the long run. The slate roof does represent an actual value to the home owner. There are numerous roofing companies that will only stock slate, notably in the US, where it’s considered to be a highly sought-after kind of roofing that is capable of surviving blizzards and heat waves.

Getting a quote

When shopping for slate, it is recommended to plan and calculate before you buy:

  • The roof’s size should be determined from your drawings. This is a square metre that is precise enough to give a precise estimate.
  • Check out the kinds of slate roofing options available, starting with the best quality slate, like the Welsh Penrhyn, in order to give you an idea of cost and ranges.
  • Select the colour scheme you’d like. Slate offers subtle variations in color based on composition, from a light grey to a blue grey.

Slate Roof Tiles Stand the Test of Time

Homeowners contemplating replacing their roof can choose from a wide range of options. From various designs and colors, to the materials themselves it is advisable to conduct a thorough study before investing money into the construction of a new roof. There are numerous options when it comes to roofing materials. They include shingles made of composition constructed from fiberglass or asphalt and steel, as well as clay roofing, and slate tiles. These types of roofing last from 20 to 100 years, and can differ in terms of cost and benefits as much.

Composition shingles made of fiberglass or asphalt provide a durable option for roofing. These shingles can be installed on existing roofs and are simple to put up. They are available in a variety of shades and textures, and are able to be replaced if they become damaged by strong winds. Metal roofing is gaining popularitydue to it being proved to lower energy costs by up to 20 percent. It is also very easy to maintain and comes in many stunning designs and colors. These choices are robust and cost-effective, with a the lifespan between 20 and 30 years.

To have a roof that is guaranteed to last for at least 100 years, and give your home an authentic, unique look the best option is clear…slate roofing tiles. These shingle-like slivers of rock come in a variety of natural, rich tones, and have the unmistakable beauty of time. A slate roof should be put up by a well skilled professional. After that, it is very low maintenance. The slate roof will not be vulnerable to rot and insect damage. Careful consideration should be taken by anyone needing access to the roof as these tiles can be easily broken. A slate roof is expensive for homeowners. Because of the extra weight of these tiles and the structural nature of slate, some work might be needed prior to installing a roof. A slate roof can be more costly than traditional roofing materials however it will last five times longer.

Whatever the materials you select, a roof is an investment.

What You Need To Know About Slate Roofing Tiles

Roof tiles are installed on the roofs of both residential and commercial buildings. They protect your home from elements outside like hail, snow and wind as well as sun. They also help keep the structural framing system clean and covered to ensure it isn’t damaged.

They can boost the roof insulation level and also help keep your home cool in hot climates dependent on the way they were put in place.

Furthermore, the tiles will give your house an elegant design that appeals to a lot of people.

Types of tiles

There are a variety of tiles: clay, cement and slate are the primary types. Clay tiles are traditional tiles that are baked using natural clay in order to remove moisture. Concrete versions are constructed from cement , and tend to be much cheaper than clay ones.

Slate products are made from natural stone . They are typically preferred by lots of people due to their unique design and appearance.

The clay and concrete versions can be constructed with U and S shapes. But, different models are also available that are flat or have interlocking designs.

Advantages

The primary benefit of the roofing materials is the fact that they’re versatile and long-lasting. These materials are fire-resistant and are easily repaired if damaged by the elements or wind.

Another benefit is that you don’t need to paint them them to retain their appearance; therefore, you save money.

Advantages and Disadvantages

These tiles offer many benefits however, they do have some disadvantages. The downside is that tiles are typically extremely heavy, and therefore structures may not be able to support their weight unless they are specifically designed to support them.

They are also costly when compared with other roofing materials. Hence, they tend to be expensive for many. The installation of these tiles requires specific skills, so you have to hire an expert to put the tiles up for you.

Installation

The tiles are generally installed on top of roof sheathing and an air barrier. Flat tiles can be installed directly on your deck. However concrete tiles, round or rounded require wooden battens or steel lathes for installation.

It is recommended to hire an expert to ensure that the roof installation is completed correctly and lasts for for a long time.


Slate and Tile Roof Repair – Do You Need an Expert Roofer to Find Leaks?

Leaks in roofs can create havoc for homeowners. There could be a variety of reasons. What you may see as the most obvious problem may not be the case, and fixing just that may not solve it. Leaks that occur around chimneys are particularly difficult to determine since the cause behind it is not always readily discernible. There could be obvious issues that are the cause however there could exist underlying issues. It takes a real experienced roofing expert to spot the exact causes of leaks and fix it properly.

These are just some of the main reasons for leaky roofs:


  • Flashing issues – Flashing refers to an extremely thin piece of metal which is put in joints and seams to prevent water from entering. Flashing can be made from many different kinds of metal, copper is the most common found in old homes and churches. When flashing is installed around a chimney this can get ruined and lead to leaks. In such an instance the flashings that were previously in place would need to be taken off and replaced with new hand-soldered flashings.
  • Gutters If a portion of the gutter that is near the chimney is not draining properly, the water can be able to get into the chimney and could appear to be an issue with the chimney. Cleaning the gutters and downspouts regularly, re-lining box gutters or adjusting hanging gutters may be required to fix the issue. There are numerous kinds of gutters that are made of a variety of materials. You can have two or three different gutters on the same property in older houses.
  • Leakage in roofing materials Damaged or missing tile or slate can lead to a roof leak. A worn-out, worn-out, or damaged underlayment can be a problem for tiles on roofs. In the case of asphalt roofing, the roof material itself might be at the end of its service lifespan. Another cause for roof leakage is storm damage.


A skilled roofer must inspect your roof each year. Get them to look at the gutters and roof over to make sure that it is doing the job it is designed to accomplish. Galvanized gutters and copper gutters will rust over time. If gutters aren’t able to remove snow melt and rainwater away properly water can back up under the roofing surface , causing concealed leaks. If the gutters aren’t effectively draining the snow and melting rainwater could cause roof damage.


Slate Roof Tiles FAQs

What Are the Pros and Cons of Slate Roofing?
It’s low maintenance, ages beautifully, requires few repairs, and has a unique appearance. And unlike some other roofing materials, slate is eco-friendly with no asphalt, fiberglass, or plastic components. 

Disadvantages include complications replacing a broken tile, the higher cost, and the extra care it takes to make sure it’s properly installed.

Can my home support the weight of a slate roof?
Most homes can. You may have heard about slate roofs that failed within a couple years of installation. It’s generally because the underlying structure was weak to begin with. Since slate is heavier than most roofing materials, it’s important to have a professional slate roofing contractor test the roof’s support capabilities.

How long will my slate roof last?
Slate is natural stone that is millions of years old. The S1 grade that is mined in North America is strong, dense, and durable and, as long as it isn’t sealed or painted, can last for hundreds of years on a roof. Slate roofs also do not hold up well to foot traffic which could snap, perforate, or dislodge tiles. 

Is a slate roof difficult to maintain?
Slate is naturally waterproof and non-combustible which makes it ideal for protecting your home in the event of a fire. Highly resistant to heavy rain and wind, it also is not affected by mold or fungus. All these traits add up to a practically maintenance-free roof.

Does slate only come in gray?
No, slate’s color options include green, plum, red, and black, as well as mixed color variations that naturally occur. Your slate roof will truly be one-of-a-kind! 

How much does slate roofing cost?
It depends, and costs vary broadly depending on thickness, weight, roof pitch, and ease of installation. Estimates range from $10 to $40 and more per square foot.

Do I need a specialist to install a slate roof?
A slate roof is more of an art form so it’s typically not a good DIY project. To protect your investment, it’s best to find a fully-trained professional to install slate roofing projects. 

Slate Roof Installation 

Mighty Dog Roofing provides the the best choice for roofer slate roof installers located at Plano Texas. Our Plano slate roofers are among the finest in the entire region. This makes them among the top roofing contractors in Plano. Since 1960, we have been installing slate roofing. We don’t want to take shortcuts or cut corners because we understand how crucial these factors are. You may rely upon us to offer a high-quality product and excellent service.

Plano, TX Slate Roof Installation

Slate Roof Installation With Hip and Ridge Joints

Slate roofs are preferred by many as they are among the best types of roofs. Though the installation cost quite a bit of money, slate roofs are great in improving the general appeal of the housing. Usually, homes with this type of roof installation have higher values.

Slate roof installation involves setting the hip and ridge joints. Before slating the roof, furring strips along the hip need to be installed. The standard thickness of slates is 3/16″ to 1/4 “. For slates with this thickness, 3/4″ furring strips are recommended. Nail these furring strips to the roof using 2.5″ hot dipped galvanized common nails.

On the bottom of the furring strips, install the first piece of the copper flashing using 1.5 copper roofing nail. To hide the furring strips, fold the bottom of the flashing.

Slate roof installation follows after the copper flashing has been nailed and folded. Install the slates over the flashing by nailing them into the furring strips. 1.5 copper roofing nails can be used but certain areas need to be attached with 2.5 copper roofing nails.

Install the next piece of step flashing over the hip slates. For this, a single nail will do. After this, nail the next pair of hip slates over it with at least two nails per slate. Fold the flashing lengthwise in half with 4″ in each side. With this, the overlying slates and flashings, the 16″ hip slates are to be overlapped halfway. Meanwhile, the step flashings would be overlapping each other by 2″.

Continue the setting up in this manner, flashing over the top of each pair of hip slates. The hip slates can be installed even without cutting and they do not to be tapered as well. To finish quickly, install the slates in pairs, not one side at a time.

Slate Roofing Made Easy – Choosing The Right Tools And Materials 

It is strongly recommended that you research before you start installing a slate roof. You need to be ready to be successfulMake sure you know about the various types of slate, manufacturing methods Flashing, sheathing nailing and other products before you start.

Before installing slate roofing, be sure that the roofing is in good repair. The slate roof shouldn’t be put up lower than a slope of 4:12. This is at a minimum of 12 feet elevation over 12 feet of running. If your roof is in compliance with this condition, give thought to buying the right slating tools and to buying slates as well as other materials needed to complete the task.

Tools

You must ensure that you have the right tools for slating, and that they are used. The toolkit that you need to start with will include an a slate ripper slate cutter, and a slate hammer. Make use of a slate cutter not a diamond-cutting saw, when cutting slates. The slate cutter will produce a bevelled edge that matches all other slates. Diamond blades create an edge that is square and appears like it is not natural.

Slates

There are numerous slates available, and different slates may not be the sameYou need to choose the appropriate slates for your roofing. When selecting slates, take into consideration the type, quality size, and thickness, as well as their implications for your work. For instance, large slates are harder to cut while smaller slates are more difficult to install as there are fewer of them.

Make sure that the slates have nails in the correct place. The holes should be set in a manner that you can get the nails to be just above the head of the slate that is underneath. If the holes for nailing are not deep enough they will be able to nail right into the head of the underlying slate and you should never do this as it could create leaks.

Make sure you order the correct quantity of slates. It is recommended to calculate your head lap in advance and order enough slates to allow for this. It is best to order starter course slates in separate orders. The nail holes should be for your starter course across the top and on the front of the slate.

Materials

Slate Nails

Good nails are essential. Slate nails should be aluminium or stainless steel. Copper nails are preferred in coastal regions as are silicon-bronze nails best in extreme conditions.

The right length of nails is important. Your nails should just penetrate the decking boards of your roof when installing them. This is important because if the they are too long, they will traverse the board, breaking and splintering the wood on the back. This will reduce the thickness of the boards as well as the ability to hold the boards. nails.

Decking materials

The decking materials under the slate should be as tough as the slates. This is accomplished by wooden boards and battens with an average width of 20-40mm. They can be rough-sawn, laid out or tongue-in-groove. Other materials for decking that are durable are concrete that can be attached to a nail or gypsum. Avoid plywood and laminated wood.

Underlay

Roofs made of slate don’t require underlay. Underlay is essentially used to keep out the water until slate tiles are laid and flashings are installed. It can also be used for drawing chalk lines. Most of the time it is enough to cover a single piece of 30lb felt suffices.

Material for flashing

Make sure you use a good flashing material. Copper, stainless steel or sheet lead are all good choices. It is better to choose a heavier material for valleys and gutters as opposed to ridges and chimney flashings.


Slate Roofing For Your House 

If you’ve made the decision to install a slate roof by yourself, there are a few items you’ll need to have ready prior to jumping in. In this article, we will discuss the many issues that come with slate roofing. The first thing you need to ensure is that your roof is sloped to a ratio greater than 4:12. That is it should have a rise of 4 feet over 12 feet.

Roof Tools

slate hammer, cutter, and slate ripper are among the most commonly used tools for slate roofing. If you don’t want to end up with slates that are square, don’t use the diamond saw. Instead, stick to the slate cutter, which provides a beautiful finish.

Slate Type

Slates are available in various forms, just like any other building material. Slates vary in terms of their quality, material type their size, and of course thickness. The slate you choose will affect how you get your roof built. You need to ensure that the slates have enough space for the nail to go through the head of the slate. This will guarantee that there aren’t any leaks.

Once you’ve decided on the kind of slate that will be your roof, ensure that you purchase the right amount. If you aren’t able to get enough when you go back to the shop and find those slates are gone and you’ll have an appearance of a patch work. It is possible to purchase extra slates in case some plates get damaged in the course of roof construction. It’s a good idea to purchase the starter slates separately.

Other Materials

A lot of nails will be needed for slate roofing. Make sure to use stainless steel or aluminium nails to prevent rust. The most effective type of nail is copper when you live in harsh climate zones. For slate roofing, the nail length is crucial. The nails must not go beyond the roof deck. If you go any further, you’re in danger of damaging the wooden boards.

Alongside nails, you’ll use decking materials as well. Because they are beneath the slates, they should correspond to the length of the slates you purchased. Avoid wooden decks and plywood made of laminated wood. You can also include an underlay in order to prevent water from evaporating until the slates are put in place.

Slate Roof Repairs – The 100 Year Roof!

How Are Brick Tiles Created?How Are Brick Tiles Created?

The minute the bricks get in our yard our team quickly begin processing them into brick tiles. The set of bricks will be transported into the manufacturing area and the team will begin trimming them. We have numerous state of the art brick trimming devices in our manufacturing plant so can produce a huge number of brickslips in a day. Moreover, we also have specialised brick cutting tools that enables us to specifically produce corner brick slips, headers and stretcher reveals. We can help -

The moment they are cut, cleaned up and boxed; the brick tiles are transported into our picking & packing area. Our team will then accurately and thoroughly pick your order onto a pallet. When they have picked the order and they will then check again look over it to ensure it is unquestionably correct. The boxes of brick tiles are then secured to the pallet. Lastly, they are wrapped and banded to make sure their safety. We then send out our brick slips direct your local distribution centre, ready for delivery to you! -

At a separate manufacturing plant, we produce our brick sample panels. The team at this manufacturing area will get brick slips that have been trimmed by us. Using a specialised brick slip adhesive, they affix the brick tiles to a sample deck. Our samples are completely free of charge to our customers. They are composed of 3 brickslip pieces and 3 brick slip headers to give you a great idea on the true look of the item.

Ways In Which To Install Brick Tiles

Attaching your own brick tiles can be quite a fun challenge for you to take on. I am going to talk you through the way to do so as per our setup tutorial.

The initial step it sets out the moment you have collected your equipment, is to prepare your area. You do this by first making sure that the area you wish to install your brick tiles is free from dust and debris. A terrific tool for this is our wire brush which will help you clean the area rapidly and efficiently. Now you are ready to apply pro primer to the wall surface. This is developed to prime the substrate ready for the application of your brick slip glue. It is advisable to use a large soft paint brush or a roller brush to cover the whole entire area. Some walls may require a second layer of primer.

Continuing on from this, you’ll really want to lay out your brick tiles on your wall using a spirit level and pen to assist you. This will help you to evaluate how your brickslips will fit on in the corners and edges of your feature wall. It is most ideal practice to avoid leaving small gaps at the top, bottom or either side of your project wall so you may well have to cut some of your brick slips to make them fit.

For more advice -

Exactly How Are Brick Tiles Produced?Exactly How Are Brick Tiles Produced?

As soon as the bricks land in our property we rapidly begin producing them into brick tiles. The set of bricks will be taken into the factory and the staff will begin cutting them. We have a number of state of the art brick cutting machines in our manufacturing facility so can manufacture a large amount of brickslips in a day. Aside from that, we also have specialised brick cutting tools that allows us to precisly produce edge brick slips, headers and stretcher reveals. We can help Brick Slips

The moment they are cut, cleaned and boxed; the brick tiles are moved into our picking & packing area. Our staff will then accurately and thoroughly pick your purchase onto a pallet. The minute they have picked the order and they will then check out again look over it to make sure it is unquestionably correct. The boxes of brick tiles are then secured to the pallet. Lastly, they are covered and banded to ensure their safety. We then send out our brick slips direct your local distribution hub, ready for shipment to you!  https://bricktilecompany.com/

At a different factory, we produce our brick specimen panels. The team at this manufacturing plant will get brick slips that have been trimmed by us. Using a specialised brick slip adhesive, they fasten the brick tiles to a sample panel. Our samples are completely free of charge to our consumers. They consist of 3 brickslip pieces and 3 brick slip headers to give you a good idea on the true look of the product.

Specifically How To Mount Brick Tiles

Installing your own brick tiles can be quite a fun challenge for you to take on. I am going to talk you through just how to do so as per our set up tutorial.

The initial step it sets out once you have gathered your equipment, is to prepare your surface area. You do this by initially making sure that the area you wish to install your brick tiles is free from dust and debris. A fantastic tool for this is our wire sweeper which will help you clean up the area swiftly and efficiently. Now you are ready to apply pro primer to the wall. This is designed to prime the substrate ready for the application of your brick slip adhesive. It is advisable to use a large soft paint brush or a roller brush to cover the whole area. Some walls may require a second layer of primer.

Continuing on from this, you’ll want to lay out your brick tiles on your wall using a spirit level and pen to assist you. This will help you to evaluate how your brickslips will fit on in the corners and edges of your feature wall surface. It is most ideal method to avoid leaving tiny gaps at the top, bottom or either side of your project wall so you may well have to cut some of your brick slips to make them fit.

For more advice  Brick Slips

What is the Difference comparing a Traditional and Digital Marketing Company?What is the Difference comparing a Traditional and Digital Marketing Company?

What`s the counterpoints Between a Traditional and Digital Marketing Company?

If you`re considering working with a marketing agency to help promote your business, you may be curious what the difference is between a traditional and digital marketing company. According to -, both types of companies can give valuable services, but it`s critical to comprehend how they are different so you can determine which one is right for your needs. Here`s a quick summary of the critical differences between print and digital marketing companies:

Traditional Marketing Companies

Traditional marketing agencies normally offer a wide variety of services, including paid ads, pr, market research, event planning, and more. They often have large teams of knowledgeable experts who specialize in different aspects of marketing. One of the primary benefits of contracting with a traditional marketing agency is that they have a ton of experience and knowledge in countless specialized areas. This can be useful if you`re not certain precisely what form of marketing support you need or if you need help with multiple aspects of your marketing strategy, says -.

Digital Marketing Agencies

Digital marketing companies, on the other hand, tend to focus primarily on online marketing strategies such as search engine optimization (SEO), PPC marketing, social media advertising, and email marketing. While some digital marketing companies also offer traditional marketing services, their focus is generally on assisting businesses sell themselves digital. - says, this can be beneficial if you`re searching for help with your digital presence or if you want to make sure your site and other online properties are optimized for search engines.

Wrap it up

Both traditional and digital marketing companies can provide valuable services for companies. The core difference between the two is that traditional agencies typically offer a broader range of services while digital companies tend to focus primarily on online marketing strategies. When choosing which kind of agency to work with, it`s important to consider your wants and goals so you can decide the one that`s best made to help you achieve your objectives.

Top 3 Ancient PokiesTop 3 Ancient Pokies

If you are a fan of history or mythology, we suggest you check out these pokies. Take a ride to the ancient times with Cleopatra, Nero, Zeus, Thor or even dinosaurs.

Book of Cleopatra Super Stake

This pokie by Stakelogic will drive you to the time of pharaohs, pyramids and one and only queen Cleopatra. Symbols that include Egyptian Gods are arranged across 5 reels. There are 10 different ways you can win the prize (10 paylines). This pokie has high volatility and includes some of the most common features such as wild scatter symbols, free spins, gamble feature and even coin feature. It is supported on both smart devices and computers, so you will be able to enjoy it anywhere.

In case you want to play this game, make sure you visit this link: https://pokies.bet/slots/book-of-cleopatra-super-stake/

2 Gods Zeus vs Thor

The battle between nordic and greek gods won’t leave anyone indifferent. This highly volatile pokie which is developed by 4ThePlayer has 5 reels and 2048 paylines. Unlike standard pokies, this one has a unique rule – ‘dual spin’, which means there are two spin buttons and two colours.

Each god has it’s side and can substitute it’s symbols. 

Try out this game on both mobile and desktop devices by clicking the link below: https://pokies.bet/slots/2-gods-zeus-vs-thor/

Nero’s Fortune

Quickspin made sure that all the lovers of roman empire could enjoy this game. It has 5 reels and numerous ways of winning since it doesn’t have a fixed number of paylines. Here you can find free spins, wild and scatter symbols and multipliers. 

It is playable across all devices, and you can check it.

In case you want to enjoy more ancient themed pokies, make sure you click on this link https://pokies.bet/theme/ancient-pokies/ which will lead you to another empire, but this one will be filled with games.


Cost of Window Replacement

Cost of Window Replacement

Cost of Window Replacement

There are many options to choose from when replacing your windows. These include vinyl, fiberglass, and wood windows. It is important to know how much each type of window will cost before you make a decision. Here are some tips to help you make an informed decision. Also, be sure to read the manufacturer’s warranty and installation instructions for each type of window.

New construction windows cost

New construction windows are a popular choice for new homes. They can be used as replacements for windows that have suffered from mould or rot. These windows can also be used for adding more windows to an existing house. New construction windows are typically cheaper than retrofitting windows. As well, labor costs are less.

New construction windows are often installed during the construction phase of a new home. Nail fins are attached at the exterior studs of a building to complete the installation. The nail fin is used to secure the window and adds an additional layer of protection.

Cost of vinyl windows

Vinyl windows are a cost-effective and affordable way to replace any windows in your home. Vinyl windows come in a variety sizes and styles, and are available at a range of prices. You can choose from low-cost vinyl windows or high-end windows. Low-cost vinyl windows usually have a basic grille, while high end windows have a variety.

For a standard double hung, the price range for mid-range vinyl windows is $200 to $350. They are usually sold by window dealers who carry a particular brand. Vinyl windows with higher quality can be as high as $650.

Cost of wood windows

The cost of wood windows for window replacement depends on a number of factors. These factors include the location of your windows and their size. Smaller windows will require less material and labor costs. Cost depends on the type and quality of wood used. Wooden windows last longer than vinyl, and are more eco-friendly. They can be painted to match the color scheme of your home.

Wood windows are generally more expensive than other types of windows. Premium windows, such Pella’s Architectural Reserve and Marvin’s Ultimate, cost between $1,550 and $1,850 per window. Other premium windows, such as Andersen’s Architectural Collection and Andersen 400 Series, cost from $1,050 to $1,250 per window. Wood windows may require painting or structural changes which can increase the price.

Cost of fiberglass windows

Fiberglass windows might be an option if your home needs to be replaced. Fiberglass windows are typically more expensive than vinyl or wood windows. This is because fiberglass windows lack the natural beauty and beauty of wood. Fiberglass windows for window replacement cost can range from $750 up to $1,100. The average cost for a replacement window is $950. You can expect to spend $9500 on a window replacement.

A basic fiberglass window can cost you between $300 and $720 depending on your needs. This price includes both the window and labor to install it. The cost of removing and replacing the old frame will be added to this. Typically, this cost is lower than installing new windows, but it will still be higher than installing vinyl windows.

Cost of sash repair kits

Sash replacement kits are a great solution for homeowners who want an improved look and energy efficiency in their homes. They come with all the hardware required to replace your window sashes, including locks. Some kits include energy-efficient glass. This can reduce your heating and cooling costs.

While new replacement windows are a great option, they tend to be more expensive than window sash replacement kits. Sash replacement kits are less expensive and easier to install. You may need to hire a professional if you are not proficient in carpentry.

Common problems with window replacement

While windows can bring in lots of natural light and freshen up your home, they can also pose problems over time. There are simple fixes for most window problems, and some can be done by you. Some common issues include windows that don’t open, or whose sashes have been painted shut. Other problems may be as simple as a broken spring in the window jamb, or they may be caused by warped sashes.

If you’re concerned about water infiltration, you may need to consider window replacement. Water infiltration through windows can cause all sorts of problems, including mold growth and stains. It is important to replace windows as soon as possible to protect your home and save money on your energy bills.

How to protect your wealth against inflationHow to protect your wealth against inflation

Inflation is the increase of basic costs of products and services in an economy. Many people think about inflation as a cost-of-living problem, however it’s in fact a serious danger for your money and your future monetary security. Cash may not lose its value, but the capability of that cash to buy things always decreases over time. That’s why securing your possessions from inflation is so essential. In this short article, we will look at the various types of assets, how inflation impacts them, and the best methods to secure your wealth from inflation. Keep reading to discover more.

What Is The Meaning Of Inflation?

Inflation is the rise of basic prices of goods and services in an economy. When the economy is growing slowly, there is normally an increase in prices due to the need for goods and services. This rise in general costs is called inflation. Inflation can happen when there is extreme growth in the money supply or if there are sudden boosts in government spending. It can likewise result from an increase in the need for items and services or a decrease in the supply of items and services. Inflation is a result of an increase in the basic price level of goods and services in an economy. While it is a natural and typical phenomenon in a growing economy, it can have adverse results if the rate of inflation rises above the regular level.

For more information please visit https://gsbcapital.com

Which Assets Can You Protect From Inflation?

You can safeguard your possessions in 2 methods – by purchasing possessions that are less conscious inflation, and by taking steps to hedge versus inflation. Let’s look at the best ways to protect your wealth from inflation.

– Real Estate. Real estate is among the very best ways to protect your wealth from inflation. Given that it is a tangible asset, it is less unstable and less affected by inflation than other financial investment classes, such as stocks and bonds. The best way to secure your wealth through property is to purchase rental properties. You can utilize the rental income to assist pay for your mortgage and upkeep costs. Additionally, realty is a possession class that has proven with time to have a favorable correlation with inflation.

– Bonds. Bonds are a fixed-income investment. In other words, you understand precisely how much money you’ll make from that financial investment in a provided amount of time. While there is some threat of losing your preliminary financial investment, it is very little. For this reason, some view that the best method to secure your wealth from inflation is to purchase government bonds. Government bonds are thought about to be among the safest financial investments in the world. They have a really low risk of default and pay dividends that rise with inflation.

– Stock. Stock is a typical term for shares of a business’s stock. The rate of a share of stock in a company goes up and down depending on how well the business is doing. If a company is doing incredibly well, you can offer your shares of that business at a greater rate than you bought them for. The best way to protect your wealth from inflation through stock is to purchase shares of large, well-established companies. Business that produce items that people need will usually do well throughout periods of inflation.

Techniques To Protect Your Wealth From Inflation

– Diversification. Diversification is the procedure of investing your money in a range of various possessions. This spreads your investment threat and assists you secure your wealth from inflation.

– Buy gold and precious metals. You can secure a portion of your assets from inflation by purchasing gold and other precious metals. While gold is considered to be a hedge against inflation, it is very important to keep in mind that it does not rise in value by the same amount that inflation does. Gold and other precious metals are exceptional hedges against inflation because they do not associate with other asset classes. To put it simply, the value of gold will not rise and fall with the stock market or real estate rates.

– Buy TIPS. You can likewise safeguard a part of your possessions by purchasing Treasury inflation-protected securities (TIPS). These are government bonds that automatically increase with inflation. They are a great way to secure your wealth versus increasing inflation. Keep in mind that these types of financial investments are normally considered to be really low-yielding.

For more help please see https://gsbcapital.com

Gold And Other Precious Metals

Although the rate of gold has actually increased dramatically in the last years, it has actually been an excellent financial investment through various financial scenarios. The cost of gold typically rises as the economy slows and falls when it picks up speed. Lots of professionals believe that gold carries out best during durations of high levels of inflation. Rare-earth elements, such as gold and silver, are typically utilized as hedges against inflation. It is essential to keep in mind that the value of these metals does not rise with the rate of inflation. Rather, they rise as the value of the U.S. dollar falls. The rate of gold has typically been increasing considering that 2001. While there are some financial experts who believe that the cost of gold will decline in the near future, others believe that the cost will stay high. If you want to own a piece of gold, make sure to do your research study before purchasing.

Real Estate

Real estate is among the most sound long-term investments you can make. It is usually thought that the rate of real estate will just increase in time as the population continues to grow and more individuals will require real estate. When the rate of inflation is high, other investments, like stocks, may decrease in worth. On the other hand, property will normally increase in value throughout times of high inflation. There are many ways to invest in realty. If you have adequate money, you can purchase rental homes. If you don’t have sufficient cash to make a big financial investment, you can look into purchasing a REIT. REITs are companies that purchase and handle realty on your behalf.

Mutual Funds That Hedge Against Inflation

There are a few mutual funds that use a hedge versus inflation. These funds are handled by people who are professionals in investing. They are extremely comparable to a basic mutual fund, however they have an unique rule added to their investment strategy. These funds are created to secure your money from rising inflation. Nevertheless, it is very important to keep in mind that a lot of these funds are risky. Before making any significant investments, be sure to do lots of research.

Conclusion

Inflation is the rise of basic rates of items and services in an economy. Perhaps the very best method to secure your wealth from inflation is to buy government bonds, however prior to you do this, please speak with an expert like gsbcapital.com

They will offer you with the knowledge and suggestions you need to secure the right part of your assets by buying gold, realty etc., however do bear in mind that inflation can affect all kinds of financial investments.

For more information please visit https://gsbcapital.com/gsb-capital

Florida Tax Relief – Gov. Ron DeSantis Announces $1.1 Billion Tax Relief PackageFlorida Tax Relief – Gov. Ron DeSantis Announces $1.1 Billion Tax Relief Package

Earlier this month, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis unveiled a $1.1 billion tax relief package. The package will help Florida families fight inflation and provide tax breaks for some of the most important items in our lives.

Get Tax Relief Attorneys to Assist you today

The tax relief package includes sales tax holidays that will help Floridians save on gas, clothing, disaster supplies, and more. It will also help businesses. Some of the sales tax holidays will continue through 2023.

tax debt relief attorneys in Tucson

One of the most popular Florida sales tax holidays is the Back to School Sales Tax Holiday. This year, the two-week break will save an estimated $210 million for Florida families. The two-week break will return in the fall and spring.

IRS tax relief services

Another popular Florida sales tax holiday is the Tools Sales Tax Holiday. This year, the first $5 of bait, fishing equipment, and tackle box will be tax free. This sale tax holiday will also be available during Freedom Week.

-

The Florida Retail Federation supports this package and announced its support on Twitter. It is expected to generate an additional $190 million in tax savings over two years.

-

Governor Ron DeSantis has also announced a proposal to extend tax breaks for some items. This would help Floridians with children’s clothing, school supplies, and sports gear. He also wants to extend a sales tax break for pet food. These breaks would be extended until June 30, 2023.

-

The Florida Department of Revenue has a list of qualifying items. It includes Energy Star appliances. These appliances use less energy and are better for the environment.

-








Is Expert Testimony Inadmissible?Is Expert Testimony Inadmissible?

Expert testimony is often a vital part of a case. However, the court must determine whether an expert’s testimony is admissible. There are many factors that will determine whether or not expert testimony is admissible. The court’s decision is not the only factor that will affect the admissibility of expert testimony. There are many other requirements.

First, an expert must have substantial professional knowledge and skill in a specific area of the case. This knowledge must be above the level of the jury’s knowledge and experience. This does not necessarily mean the expert is the most knowledgeable in the field or has all the details of the case. Their testimony is admissible if they use relevant and accurate data and follow accepted standards of practice.

Another key consideration is the reliability of the expert’s opinions. Expert testimony based upon scientific research can be subjected to considerable scrutiny and criticism. Expert testimony can be discredited if it is not backed by the data or by underlying assumptions. The court has stricter rules when it comes to evaluating experts’ reliability.

Expert witnesses must be compensated for their involvement in a case. This is especially true when there is a chance that the expert’s testimony will be used to settle the case. Expert testimony can be a game changer and can either make or break the case. Expert testimony can give credibility to arguments made between the parties, tie together theories and prove the ultimate issue in a case.

Expert testimony can be persuasive but the courts must exclude unreliable evidence. They have developed a process that evaluates the reliability of an expert witness and decides whether the testimony should be allowed by the jury. If the expert’s testimony is reliable and useful to the trier of fact, it will be admissible. Advocates must be aware of the qualifications of the experts they are hiring.

Expert testimony is only available to those who have been practicing emergency medicine for at least three years before the case. They must also have current and ongoing knowledge in their area of expertise. Experts must be able determine the cause of injury if they are asked to testify about patient injuries.

Expert testimony can be challenged by a variety of factors. A court may ask whether the testimony is scientifically or technically sound. If the expert’s opinion is based on his or her experience, the court may ask whether the expert was qualified for the work. Although this question has not been discussed in the case of a particular case, the decision in Daubert is not a final answer on the admissibility of expert testimony.

Because of the unresolved issues they may raise, the Court should not accept expert testimony based upon epidemiological studies. These studies are rarely scientific enough to prove causality. However, courts should avoid expert testimony based on animal studies.

About Bill Hartzer
Bill Hartzer is CEO of Hartzer Consulting, a Texas-based search engine optimization and online reputation management consulting company. Mr. Hartzer has been providing digital marketing and domain name, as well as SEO expert witness services for legal cases worldwide, and practicing organic SEO since 1996.

For all your Custom Flags, Banner, And Display NeedsFor all your Custom Flags, Banner, And Display Needs

For customized flags, banners, and display screens, there is no need to look elsewhere. Australian Flag Makers are the only choice. The company has started the business in 2003, having almost 2 decades of experience in producing custom-made advertising items for a wide range of organizations.

Quality items at a budget-friendly price. The items are well made, resilient, and can withstand rain, wind, and UV rays from the sun. They are made by machines and hung to dry, with some even featuring warranties.

If you have any unique needs and choices, you do not need to worry about it. The business partners with each and every client to ensure that they get the absolute best items, according to their choices and requirements. With quick turn-around times, free quotes, and even a free design service to clients, consumers are prioritized and are offered the best service possible.

The business likewise ensures that they are in the cutting edge of development on the print market. Heavy-duty stitching, photographic printing, and PMS matching to make sure high quality, durable prints, and multiple fabric choices to make certain you are supplied precisely what fits your requirements.

Australian Flag Makers have factories in Australia, USA, and Asia and this makes them really competitive in regards to style, quality, rate, and service. The company has the capacity to turn over big volumes of items quickly as the print factories are running 24/7. No task is too huge or too small for Australian Flag Makers.

For all your flag and banner needs, may it be printed table covers and throws, teardrop flags and banners, custom printed table cloths and covers, feather flags and banners, and a whole lot more, check out http://www.australianflagmakers.com.au/